As for #2, yes, if it is being used to shut down discussion, that is one thing. But negative speculation about a person’s motives is rarely productive, and is contrary to the love that “believeth all things, hopeth all things.” If we are going to assume anything about motives, we should assume the best that the facts permit, rather than the worst.

Usually actions can be assessed without regard to the person’s motives. If an action is wrong or unwise, it is wrong or foolish even if the person had good and honourable motives. If the assessment of the action depends entirely on a person’s motives, we probably don’t need to be making public proclamations on it.

The exception would be when a person publicly states their motives for their actions. But then, of course, no one can say, “You can’t judge motives.” You are judging their public statement.